d. the adverse effects of drugs will result in worse quality of life than the abnormality brings. You have likely heard about Pavlov and his dogs, but what you may not know is that this was a discovery made accidentally. Solved model Curl Rogers and Abraham Maslow focused on the - Chegg The defense mechanism that BEST explains your behavior is: Which model of abnormality MOST closely aligns with positive psychology? b. the pleasure principle. This form of learning is called: According to a 2018 report (Prochaska & Norcross), the dominant approach used by clinical psychologists is: If you are being encouraged to see the link between the way you interpret your experiences and the way you feel and to question the accuracy of your interpretations, you are probably receiving: ChaeWoo has been participating in weekly therapy for several years. If my father seems genuinely happy and pleased with himself after bagging groceries his way, then I will be more likely to adopt this behavior. d. case studies. The biopsychosocial model examines the health and other illnesses and product behavior with biological features and behavioral factors.Several health psychologists work with healthcare experts and patients to help . How so? Mindfulness has been shown to be associated with improvements in which of the following? It was fun for me to swim in a lake near my house as a child. If a therapist advised you to pay attention to how you were communicating with family members and to change harmful patterns, the therapist would MOST likely to be practicing: In science, the perspectives used to explain phenomena are known as which of the following? The motivation to form relationships with others is a central theme of: Nari was taking the bar exam and was concerned that she didn't know the answers to many of the questions. 56. For each category, we have a schema, or a set of beliefs and expectations about a group of people, presumed to apply to all members of the group, and based on experience. d. catharsis. Soon, the patient begins seeking the therapist's approval for all types of decisions, rather than just making the decisions herself. A boy believes that he is deserving of love only when he earns good grades. a. id b. ego c. superego d. personality. Cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and drug use during pregnancy are risk factors for ADHD. Outline operant conditioning and the work of Thorndike and Skinner. c. maintenance. A therapist who believes people often hide from their responsibilities and therefore often feel alienated, depressed, and inauthentic would MOST likely be described as: a. humanistic. d. The receiving neurons stop all firing. According to the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI), cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on exploring relationships among a persons thoughts, feelings and behaviors. The biological model is generally well respected today but suffers a few key issues. Learning has two main forms associative learning and observational learning. 49. Chief among these are neurotransmitter imbalances. What happens at the synapse during neural transmission? https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/freuds-patients-serial/201201/bertha-pappenheim-1859-1936. Exemplify the effect of schemas on creating abnormal behavior. Dichotomous thinking Viewing people or events in all-or-nothing terms. Abnormality results from the interaction of genetic, emotional, and cultural influences. 30. d. propositions. b. operate in accordance with the reality principle. When Mathias did not get a job for which he applied, he was sure that everything was going wrong, that his life was completely off track. Which technique is her therapist MOST likely to recommend? Or, they are easily distracted and sits in the back so that all stimuli are in front of him/her. The results of this study led him to conclude that _____ greatly affects mental illness. a. psychoanalysis. A common example is Lithium; side effects include loss of coordination, hallucinations, seizures, and frequent urination. If you recognize your worth as a person, Carl Rogers would say that you have developed: a. spontaneity. PSYCH205-FinalExam-Answers What are some issues facing the biological model? d. try to figure out the source of their troublesome thoughts. 2.3.2.4. Someone who studies the _____ model of abnormality focuses on how values and choices affect behavior. 2. They would salivate at the sound of a bell, footsteps in the hall, a tuning fork, or the presence of a lab assistant. You're likely receiving a message that encourages you to question your own interpretations and the accuracy of those interpretations. Acceptance and commitment therapy borrows heavily from _____, which teaches individuals to pay attention to the thoughts and feelings that are flowing through their minds, and to accept their thoughts in a nonjudgmental way. And if a nipple is placed in their mouth, they will also automatically suck via the sucking reflex. d. projection. In the past, we have conducted trephination and lobotomies, neither of which are used today. They act as the instructions to make proteins, and it is estimated by the Human Genome Project that we have between 20,000 and 25,000 genes. 17. According to the Genetics Home Reference website as part of NIHs National Library of Medicine, a gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity (https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/primer/basics/gene). Finally, psychoanalytic treatment is expensive and time consuming, and since Freuds time, drug therapies have become more popular and successful. Freud said this resistance revealed where issues persisted. Antipsychotics are used to treat psychosis or conditions that affect the mind, and in which there has been some loss of contact with reality, often including delusions (false, fixed beliefs) or hallucinations (hearing or seeing things that are not really there). They can be used to treat eating disorders, severe depression, PTSD, OCD, ADHD, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. We may think so, but a review of the evidence for and against this statement will show that it does not and reduce how threatening it seems. They are only a problem when they reach consciousness. d. bipolar disorder. d. self-aware. It sends brief electrical currents through the brain, stimulating a seizure. Observational learning is learning by watching others and modeling techniques change behavior by having subjects observe a model in a situation that usually causes them some anxiety. Over time, he begins to understand how events in his early life have impacted how he functions now. b. secondary prevention. As such, he continues to steal her toys. To do this, the client must be aware of the distressing thoughts, when they occur, and their effect on them. The sociocultural model asserts that race, ethnicity, gender, religious orientation, socioeconomic status, sexual orientation all play a role in the development and treatment of mental illness. a. 101. This shows the recent belief that the key to psychological disorders lies in: a. specific brain structures. c. cognitive-behavioral therapy. Next, the children are placed in a room with several toys in it. Behaviorism was dominant from 1913 to 1990 before being absorbed into mainstream psychology. 1. The answer is continuous. Contingencies in Operant Conditioning. a. catharsis. Positive means that you are giving something good or bad. Hormones are important to psychologists because they manage the nervous system and body tissues at certain stages of development and activate behaviors such as alertness or sleepiness, sexual behavior, concentration, aggressiveness, reaction to stress, and a desire for companionship. I know my grandmother used to. Chapter 3 Flashcards by Burton Dwight | Brainscape b. cognitive-behavioral The _____ model proposes that humans must have an accurate self-awareness and live meaningful lives to be psychologically well adjusted. Release of neurotransmitters is stopped. For communication, decide if the problem is related to speaking, listening, or both and then develop a plan for use in various interpersonal situations. This is called the. Researchers who have looked into the link between religious devotion and psychological well-being have come to the following conclusion that: Eventually the fact that no food comes will extinguish this reaction but still, it will be weird for a bit). Chapter 14 Flashcards | Chegg.com How does the humanistic perspective approach psychopathology? It might be that the disorder causes dysfunction in the family, rather than the dysfunctional family causing the disorder. Breuer made daily visits and allowed her to share stories from her private theater, which she came to call talking cure or chimney sweeping. Many of the stories she shared were actually thoughts or events she found troubling and reliving them helped to relieve or eliminate the symptoms. Describe the role of hormonal imbalances in mental illness. In order to prevent anxiety in the future, it is common practice to expose someone to stressful situations. Which is an example of a biological treatment for this condition? As opposed to the medical model, which emphasizes mental illness as . Defense mechanisms include the following: For more on defense mechanisms, please visit: https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/fulfillment-any-age/201110/the-essential-guide-defense-mechanisms. With time, Anna O. did recover from her hysteria and went on to become a prominent member of the Jewish Community, involving herself in social work, volunteering at soup kitchens, and becoming House Mother at an orphanage for Jewish girls in 1895. Providing routine mental health screenings, followed by immediate intervention as needed. 153. a. psychodynamic b. behavioral c. humanist-existential d. sociocultural. With its emphasis on abstract human values and responsibility, the humanistic-existential model does all of the following EXCEPT: a. resonate with many people who are eager to explore these issues. What form do these consequences take? We then discussed biological, psychological, and sociocultural models of abnormality. As you might expect, the behavior will begin to weaken and eventually stop when this occurs. Multicultural theorists would explain the higher levels of mental illness among poor people as MOST likely due to: Which group BEST reflects those who may benefit from couple therapy? Skinner talked about contingencies or when one thing occurs due to another. Clarify how multicultural factors affect mental illness. According to Freud, another term for the symbolic meaning of dreams is: a. positive transference. d. create an ideal set of genes. 74. d. An investigators preferred paradigm influences how they interpret research findings. Which would be a part of your paradigm? abnormality, also known as mental disorders, psychiatric diagnoses, or, more broadly, psychopathology. None of the models are complete within themselves. A couple therapist who focuses on acceptance and positive change where possible is using _____ therapy. If a mother seems excessively involved in her childs life such that the two do not seem to be independent people, their relationship is said to be: a. externalized. They reflect our unconscious desires and needs. a. humanistic-existential b. biological c. psychodynamic d. sociocultural, 5. Which is a goal of acceptance and commitment therapy? The goal of therapy is to wean patients from their childlike dependency on the therapist. According to the cognitive-behavioral model, this is an example of _____ behavior. c. feminist therapy. This therapy is BEST described as: a. relational psychoanalytic therapy. Like schemas, the attributions we make can lead us astray. The endocrine system moves slowly with hormones, released by endocrine glands, taking seconds, or even minutes, to reach their target. b. cultural deprivation that is characteristic of some groups. Which model of abnormality MOST closely aligns with positive psychology? d. genes. Each is unique in its own right and no single model can account for all aspects of abnormality. What is the problem with a uni-dimensional model of psychopathology? The humanistic perspective. First, extinction is when something that we do, say, think/feel has not been reinforced for some time. b. resistance. According to the behaviorists, disordered behavior is a result of _____________. a. gestalt A therapist pays close attention to what their client has to say and then makes an effort to show accurate empathy and sincerity in their responses. a. working through b. exposure therapy c. role playing d. family therapy. MOST likely, this therapist is a _____ therapist. Its key figures were Abraham Maslow, who proposed the hierarchy of needs, and Carl Rogers, who we will focus on here. Counselors, clinical psychologists, and psychotherapists often work directly in . Gender plays an important, though at times, unclear role in mental illness. The biological treatment known as psychosurgery would MOST likely be used in the treatment of a patient with: a severe disorder and who has not responded to any other therapies over years of treatment. Multicultural theorists would explain the higher levels of mental illness among poor people as MOST likely due to: a. genetic make-up. Which type of theorist would focus on the athlete's illogical thinking process as a key factor in her subsequent poor performance? c. Existentialists believe that research dehumanizes individuals by reducing them to test measures. But women may experience these illnesses differently certain symptoms may be more common in women than in men, and the course of the illness can be affected by the sex of the individual. 92. c. gestalt 2.3.1.5. Choose one answer. Continuous or partial? Providing treatment as soon as it is needed so problems that are moderate or worse do not become long-term issues is called: a. primary prevention. d. One-fourth of all treated couples eventually separate or divorce. This is called the, Step 5 After a short time, the neuron can fire again, but needs greater than normal levels of stimulation to do so. c. identify the client's unreasonable ideas and feelings. Since your Italian professor did not provide a study guide, you didnt study for the midterm. d. only one factorstress or predispositionis necessary for abnormality to occur. Which model of abnormality focuses on learning and the thinking that underlies behavior? b. rationalization. d. existential. Why might this treatment be effective in preventing alcohol use even after the client stops taking the drug? Dont worry. Our focus will be on partial/intermittent reinforcement. This newer type of cognitive-behavioral therapy emphasizes recognizing problematic thoughts as thoughts rather than judging them, acting on them, or fruitlessly trying to change them. 2 Models of Abnormality There are six models in Abnormal Psychology which aim to describe and explain psychological abnormalities and how the treatment works for each. The nervous system consists of two main parts the central and peripheral nervous systems. Clarify what psychodynamic techniques are used. Research on the relationship between religious beliefs and psychological health shows that people: who are devout and see God as caring and helpful are the healthiest. According to family systems theory, this family is characterized by: a. enmeshed structure. Transcribed image text: model Curl Rogers and Abraham Maslow focused on the psychological roots of abnormal behavior and the need of human for velf acceptance. According to psychoanalysis, which statement is TRUE of psychological conflicts? The answer is yes, and one of two outcomes is possible. Nikolai runs past, grabs some of the cookies, and runs away. The defense mechanism that BEST explains his behavior is: The antenna-like extensions located at one end of the neuron are called: A therapist identifies a biological factor in a patient with depression. MOST likely, this therapist is a _____ therapist. Integrative behavioral couple therapy helps partners: a. accept behaviors that they cannot change. Don't worry. d. latency stage. The motivation to form relationships with others is a central theme of: a. ego theory. b. negative transference. Evaluating the cognitive model. b. modeling. It exists in the nucleus of each cell, packaged in threadlike structures known as chromosomes, for which we have 23 pairs or 46 total. This model has been adopted by psychiatrists rather than psychologists. The pain was enough that I never walked up and down the street echoing my identity crisis for all to hear. 93. Hence, they experience conditional positive regard. These two cases demonstrate what principle of developmental psychopathology? There is not a leader, and everyone is equal. c. resistance. In Banduras experiment, children were first brought into a room to watch a video of an adult playing nicely or aggressively with a Bobo doll, which provided a model. She felt confined and suffocated in this life and took to a fantasy world she called her private theater. Anna also developed hysteria, including symptoms such as memory loss, paralysis, disturbed eye movements, reduced speech, nausea, and mental deterioration. Key features of the perspective include a belief in human perfectibility, personal fulfillment, valuing self-disclosure, placing feelings over intellect, an emphasis on the present, and hedonism. Communication in the Nervous System. Maybe I am not paid weekly now. ABNORMAL CHAPTER 3 - Subjecto.com Is this correct? We will cover this process in three parts. a. c. moderate to severe mental illness and a coexisting developmental disorder. When a child yells and threatens others, he or she is placed in a time-out, away from the group. Which statement about paradigms is FALSE? If you do not believe you do anything right, list evidence of when you did not do something right and then evidence of when you did. d. sociocultural. A reliance on medication for treatment and belief that psychological illness is much like physical illness. The model of abnormality that examines the effects of society and culture is the _____ model. d. ego ideal. In this family, the children are also discouraged from asking for advice or seeking support. Some biological treatments produce significant undesirable effects. The paradigm, or model, adopted by people in the Middle Ages to explain abnormal behavior was the _____ model. b. who are devout and see God as caring and helpful are the healthiest. a. existential b. helping the client develop a stronger sense of self and rational thinking. Mental illness itself occurs from the interaction of multiple genes and other factorssuch as stress, abuse, or a traumatic eventwhich can influence, or trigger, an illness in a person who has an inherited susceptibility to it (https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/mental-health-causes-mental-illness#1). Marie comes from a supportive, loving family and has a stable socioeconomic background. The _____ model of abnormality pays particular attention to the clients family structure, societal norms, and the clients roles in society. Stimulants are generally effective and produce a calming effect. c. rationalization. If a person is used to receiving reinforcement every time they perform a particular behavior, and then suddenly no reinforcer is delivered, he or she will cease the response immediately. a. multicultural b. biological c. humanistic d. cognitive-behavioral, 136. a. humanistic therapy. Still, cognitive-behavioral therapies have proven their efficacy for the treatment of OCD (McKay et al., 2015), perinatal depression (Sockol, 2015), insomnia (de Bruin et al., 2015), bulimia nervosa (Poulsen et al., 2014), hypochondriasis (Olatunji et al., 2014), and social anxiety disorder (Leichsenring et al., 2014) to name a few.