According to the Milgram experiments, which of the following factors makes an individual more likely to conform to a request that would harm an innocent victim? 2 "I did a good job because the task was easy." Furthermore, attempting to prevent our stereotype from coloring our reactions to others takes effort. Waterhouse's refusal to promote her to partner. 3 "I did a bad job because I'm inept." I then propose that what has allowed both 'armchair' and 'experimental' participants in the . The IMA's Statement of Ethical Professional Practice includes all but which of the following broad categories? . d. Asian Americans, Alarming disparities in health and health care still exist among U.S. racial and ethnic groups. I codes "social" when the thrust of the datum dealt with relationships. a. whites 275292). d. Mexican Americans. III. Stereotyping and perceived distributions of social characteristics: An application to ingroup-outgroup perception. Political Premier League . 1 A outgoing woman marries a reserved man. Which component of attitude is being affected? Stereotyping and prejudice begin from social categorizationthe natural cognitive process by which we place individuals into social groups. Linville, P. W., & Jones, E. E. (1980). b. white women which of the following statements concerning social categorization is b. African Americans a. Authoritarianism is not a characteristic of personality but reflects the values and norms of particular subcultures within the wider society. c. Cuba b. discrimination. Empty cart. John is expressing his opinions, and Sarah is expressing hers. b. emigration. c. Southern Europe. Once our stereotypes and prejudices become established, they are difficult to change and may lead to self-fulfilling prophecies, such that our expectations about the group members make the stereotypes come true. San Diego, CA: Elsevier. In 2019, approximately 53.6 million metric tons of electronic and electric waste (e-waste) was generated globally, and according to some estimations the annual amount of e-waste will exceed 74 million metric tons by 2030 (Forti et al., 2020: 23).Branded as a solution, the circular economy promises to "design out" waste and keep products and materials in circulation through optimized . a. Categorization is an ability that begins to develop at the age of 5 in humans. d. her unfeminine walk. d. Loyalty e. All of the above are. Because they hold these beliefs, it is possiblealthough not guaranteedthat they may use them when responding to other people, creating a subtle and unconscious type of discrimination. Social categorization occurs when we think of someone as a man (versus a woman), an old person (versus a young person), a Black person (versus an Asian or White person), and so on (Allport, 1954/1979). c. Cuban Americans d. b and c, In examining women's sexuality in music and music videos, which of the following statements Brown, R. (1995). External situations have no effect on one's personality characteristics. The bogus pipeline procedure suggests that people may frequently mask their negative beliefs in publicpeople express more prejudice when they are in the bogus pipeline than they do when they are asked the same questions more directly. b. Latinas a. Assimilation Making things even more difficult, stereotypes are strongest for the people who are in most need of changethe people who are most prejudiced (Lepore & Brown, 1997). c. Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders These could be between candidates and students (usually the case), candidates and parents (quite common), Chinese students and Chinese teachers, and candidates with me (as their mentor/teacher). A. c. In several forms of media there is a greater emphasis on female than male sexuality. Stone, J. The Implicit Association Test at age 7: A methodological and conceptual review. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is British Journal of Social Psychology, 33(3), 331343. Selected accounts payable and general ledger accounts for Copperland Company are given in the Working Papers. c. hostile sexism. In R. V. Kail (Ed. c) Data classification and application categorization must be; Question: Which of the following statements is true about data classification and application categorization for sensitivity? There are more sexual terms associated with males than with females. Tajfel and Wilkes (1963) performed a simple experiment that provided a picture of the potential outcomes of categorization. d. Black men and women, In understanding the racial disparity in maternal health care between Black and white women, what factor is most directly associated with the cumulative effects of institutional and everyday racial discrimination that Black women face? What does GDP measure, and why is it important? Although Gkn has been shown to predict important life outcomes, only a few standardized tests measuring Gkn exist, especially for the adult population. Experiencing prejudice can lead one to demonstrate behaviors that reinforce a stereotype. What does she write concerning Alex? This truth may come in part from the roles that individuals play in society. (Eds.). More than 99 percent of the people in the United States are descended from In the IAT, participants are asked to classify stimuli that they view on a computer screen into one of two categories by pressing one of two computer keys, one with their left hand and one with their right hand. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct? b. Racist views distinguishing the descendants of Europeans from those of Africans became central to European racist attitudes. B. The nonverbal mediation of self-fulfilling prophecies in interracial interaction. Use the purchases journal from the previous exercise. women. c. had different cultural practices that eventually produced physical differences. And there is often good agreement about the stereotypes of social categories among the individuals within a given culture. I think you would agree that you are more likely to categorize yourself as a member of your college or university when your basketball or football team has just won a really important game, or at your commencement day ceremony, than you would on a normal evening out with your family. Which group has the highest rate of hypertension? a. But when the images are arranged such that the women and the strong categories are on the same side, whereas the men and the weak categories are on the other side, most participants make more errors and respond more slowly. Entropy-related risks were soon translated into the "infodemic", a wide-spread phenomenon with psychosocial and cultural roots. a. spotlighting. Although he couldn't seem to beat his prior record while practicing, he surpassed it easily during the final meet as his friends cheered him on. b. nationalism. Solved 5. All of the following statements concerning the - Chegg Brian believes that gender discrimination is no longer a problem in society. II. a. new immigrant groups assume the attitudes and language of the dominant community. The pet store owners discover that the power will not be restored for many days. The conclusion is simple, if perhaps obvious: Social categorization is occurring all around us all the time. Whites acknowledge they have privilege. Psychological Science, 14(5), 516519. 12.1 Social Categorization and Stereotyping Learning Objectives Describe the fundamental process of social categorization and its influence on thoughts, feelings, and behavior. Which of the following statements concerning stereotypes is not correct? This statement best reflects: All Hispanics are nonwhite. Once they become established, stereotypes (like any other cognitive representation) tend to persevere. a. ageism Principles of Social Psychology by University of Minnesota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. c. It outlawed discriminatory voting practices. a. non-Hispanic whites He decides not to rent his house to the first applicant simply because he is Arab American and rents it to the second applicant, who is white. \hline \boldsymbol{y}_i & 3 & 7 & 5 & 11 & 14 b. stereotyping. Experiments in intergroup discrimination. doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2009.09.014. baseball. [Solved] It is common for epidemiologists to measure continuous Self-report measures can be affected by people's desire to state socially desirable attitudes. (1999). European Journal of Social Psychology, 30(3), 335354. D. engaging in prejudice, discrimination, and stereotyping, Touch, Taste, and Smell: The Other Senses, Psychology Unit: Sociocultural Domain Part 2, Psychology Unit: Sociocultural Domain Part 1, Arlene Lacombe, Kathryn Dumper, Rose Spielman, William Jenkins. b. Puerto Rican Americans b. discrimination. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct? a. modern sexism. Whites have earned the privilege. Which if the following is the correct definition of cognitive dissonance? Conduct test at the 5% b. three-fourths of the girls received disparaging remarks about their athletic or sports 2 See answers Advertisement Bargh, J. b. African Americans Alex is standing in line at Wal-Mart waiting to pay for his purchases. Furthermore, the categories are arranged such that the responses to be answered with the left and right buttons either fit with (match) the stereotype or do not fit with (mismatch) the stereotype. Eagly, A. H., & Steffen, V. J. In short, stereotypes and prejudice are powerful largely because they are important social norms that are part of our culture (Guimond, 2000). a. receiving unwanted sexual advances b. In most aspects of his life, however, being Scottish American has no meaningful impact on his day-to-day life. Parents tend to see their newborns as unique and do not apply gender stereotypes to them. Even when we think we are being completely fair, we may nevertheless be using our stereotypes to condone discrimination (Chen & Bargh, 1999). Stereotype threat is created in situations that pose a significant threat to self-concern, such that our perceptions of ourselves as important, valuable, and capable individuals are threatened. When Reggie and his team play against one of the schools from a less affluent area, Reggie makes fun of the other team's uniforms. Southern and Eastern Europe. b. institutional racism. d. a and b, Which of the following statements about the differential treatment of females and males in New York, NY: Psychology Press. c. Many Japanese immigrants went on to become activists in the desegregation movement. doi: 10.1177/0146167201278007. Social psychology differs from psychology in its focus on ______. diffusion of ability, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson. It can help in increasing cooperation among individuals because sharing a common goal often provides a core focus for the groups, generally taking focus off apparent differences. c. across countries, men showed stronger hostile sexism than women did. As you can see in Table 12.1 Name Confusions, the mistakes were such that the statements that had actually been made by a man were more frequently wrongly attributed to another man in the group than to another woman, and the statements actually made by a woman were more frequently attributed to other women in the group than to a man. c. William Julius Wilson d. It outlawed discrimination in the rental or purchase of homes. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is Revan was excited about working with a group of friends on the next science project. Pages 30. (2006). 4 We tend to attribute our successes to our own efforts and our failures to the shortcomings of others. b. diminutive suffixes for female terms. Beliefs about the characteristics of the groups and the members of those groups are known as stereotypes. And stereotypes become difficult to change because they are so important to usthey become an integral and important part of our everyday lives in our culture. d. all of the above. ), Prejudice, discrimination and racism (pp. Effects of multiple task demands upon memory for information about social groups. Measuring Domain-Specific Knowledge: From Bach to Fibonacci Which of the following is an example of cognitive dissonance? a. 4 A girl and a boy who both like jogging fall in love. a. children's readers and picture books. 2 the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. You want to visit Argentina, but your attitude about Argentina is changing as you read the news about the kidnappings that have occurred there. In this sense, the stereotypes are at least partly true for many of the members of the social category, in terms of their actual behaviors. Sechrist, G. B., & Stangor, C. (2001). (B) Policy dividends affect the cost of virtually all insurance policies issued today. That is, they argued that the negative impact of race on standardized tests may be caused, at least in part, by the performance situation itself. In K. R. Wenzel & A. Wigfield (Eds. Question: 3 points Save Answer Question 14 Which of the following statements regarding retirement trends is correct The savings rate in the United States has consistently been decreasing over the last 30 years. Ethan is a white man who has Scottish ancestry and wore a kilt to his wedding. FA Judgement of Numerical Equivalence and Numerical Categorization by c. racializing. When our stereotypes lead us to be believe that we are likely to perform poorly on a task, we experience a feeling of unease and status threat. Which statement best characterizes the textbook's assessment of the Trump presidency? View Bus311.docx from BUSI 311 at Liberty University. Psychological Bulletin, 112(3), 536552. Race and ethnicity are both forms of social categorization. If the jury cannot decide on a verdict, a mistrial will be declared. Classification and quantitative judgment. Which of the following methodological approaches to a research project on assimilation is a survey? In other cases, stereotypes are maintained because information that confirms our stereotypes is better remembered than information that disconfirms them. It is separated from the lentiform nucleus by the internal capsule. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(5), 659670. c. laws limiting the rights of blacks in South Africa under apartheid "People stereotype females as communal and males as agentic because they have observed In college textbooks approximately one-half of the references to women are specifically Dwayne's attitude best reflects: Competence. morris minor cars for sale in arkansas; treasure inside jokes 0 Home. In media guides, both female and male athletes are more likely to be shown in passive, nonathletic a. Stangor, C., & Duan, C. (1991). c. now have about equal numbers of male and female characters in basic readers and math Shortening the project by assigning more resources to one or more of the critical tasks is called "project crashing." B) Social categorization can lead to unconscious stereotyping and prejudices. d. b and c, A recent study of 600 teenage girls of varied socioeconomic and ethnic background reported: d. often understand it as a compliment, since it is often meant as a compliment. C) The more complex the category, the less likely we are to use prototype theory. Outgroup homogeneity occurs in part because we dont have as much contact with outgroup members as we do with ingroup members, and the quality of interaction with outgroup members is often more superficial. 15 pages. c. A researcher conducts a series of interviews with new immigrants to the United States who came from Central America. Quickbooks Advance EXAM - QUICKBOOKSADVANCE EXAM SECTION 1 Question 1 (1994). Are Hispanics white or nonwhite? c. Latin Americans PDF EXCEPT: C. - Parker University Both PERT and CPM require that network tasks have unchanging durations. IV. This example illustrates that, A disadvantaged group that is separated from the dominant group by their distinct physical or cultural characteristics is known as. (A) Policy dividends represent earnings to shareowners who hold stock in insurance companies. c. hostile; modern \boldsymbol{x}_{\boldsymbol{i}} & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 \\ a. Donald Trump is the least racist president ever. Orlando, FL: Academic Press. a. Once we begin to see the members of outgroups as more similar to each other than they actually are, it then becomes very easy to apply our stereotypes to the members of the groups without having to consider whether the characteristic is actually true of the particular individual. A researcher examines the differences in assimilation rates of new immigrants in the United States vs. Europe. Trope, Y., & Thompson, E. (1997). b. Martin Luther King Jr. The woman is the mother of a 2-year-old boy. Because our stereotypes are activated spontaneously when we think about members of different social groups, it is possible to use reaction-time measures to assess this activation and thus to learn about peoples stereotypes and prejudices. Once we do so, we begin to respond to those people more as members of a social group than as individuals. a. genocide. Ethnic and national stereotypes: The Princeton trilogy revisited and revised. Sociology CH 10 Flashcards | Quizlet Unit 6 Flashcards by Lauren Pulido | Brainscape b. Puerto Ricans A. social inequality Lepore, L., & Brown, R. (1997). d. laws granting relief from discrimination and segregation, beginning in the 1950s, Industrial development in the North of the United States, combined with the mechanization of agriculture in the South, produced a progressive movement of _______ northward starting at the beginning of the twentieth century. Perform the indicated operation. She lost her case and left Price Waterhouse. a) Secondary research can be organized in-house or via a research agency. x+31=2(x32)6x. b. more agentic than traditionally titled women. 1 affective (1995). d. "Pioneers moved West, taking their wives and children. Once the generator is connected, their stores have the power restored and the fish are saved. c. being forced to listen to jokes that belittle women b. male generic language. b. benevolent sexism. (2007). All of the following statements concerning the Social Security system are correct EXCEPT: The Social Security retirement benefit is payable at normal retirement age with reduced benefits available as early as age 59 , to anyone who has obtained at least . 1 "I did a good job because I'm smart." This shows that A man cuts in front of the line and drops his items on the counter. Implicit association procedures such as the IAT show that even participants who claim that they are not prejudiced do seem to hold cultural stereotypes about social groups. This prevents us from really learning about the outgroup members as individuals, and as a result, we tend to be unaware of the differences among the group members. Sarah is a college admissions officer who does not hold prejudicial attitudes about Hispanic people. c. Africans. c. racialization. d. benevolent sexism and hostile sexism. 20 "The fund-raising committee chairman suggested that the group sponsor a raffle." In addition to learning less about them because we see and interact with them less, we routinely categorize outgroup members, thus making them appear more cognitively similar (Haslam, Oakes, & Turner, 1996). a. the more hostile sexism endorsed by the men, the less benevolent sexism reported by the communal-agentic distinction comprising stereotypes of adults. At this point, we would probably not consider them to be acting as group members, but rather as two individuals. d. ethnic groups exist separately and share equally in economic and political life. c. There is no such thing as racial microaggressions. b. eugenics. White women over age 35 Music videos often emphasize women's sexuality rather than their musical talent. a. c. suggestive clothing If employees receive a contribution of 3% of total compensation, then an . a. women over age 35; women under age 35 b. d. Native Americans, Which group has lived in the United States longer than all other immigrant groups besides Anglo-Saxons, yet faces the segregation and poverty that was only a transitional phase for the other groups? d. Latin America or Asia. Social Categorization and Stereotyping | Principles of Social Psychology Fyock, J., & Stangor, C. (1994). Nosek, B. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is a. Scientific American, 223, 96102. 3 People who do it tend to be young and nave. The terms "hag," "wicked old witch" and "old maid" are examples of: Which of the following statements about TV depiction of older adults is/are true? Which of the following statements best describes life insurance policy dividends? Although the meaning of the IAT has been debated (Tetlock & Mitchell, 2008), research using implicit measures does suggest thatwhether we know it or not, and even though we may try to control them when we canour stereotypes and prejudices are easily activated when we see members of different social categories (Barden, Maddux, Petty, & Brewer, 2004). a. Puerto Rico d. Elijah Anderson. Chapter 2: Social Learning and Social Cognition, Chapter 5: Attitudes, Behavior, and Persuasion, Chapter 11: Working Groups: Performance and Decision Making, Chapter 12: Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination, Chapter 13: Competition and Cooperation in Our Social Worlds, Figure 12.6 Current Stereotypes Held by College Students, Next: 12.2 Ingroup Favoritism and Prejudice, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. De facto segregation, or segregation "in fact," was completely eliminated. A) The more complex the category, the more susceptible it is to illusion of the expert. b. This finding is most consistent with: Both Middle Easterners and North Africans are white. To get around this problem, social psychologists make use of a number of techniques that help them measure these beliefs more subtly and indirectly. c. as active, mature adults One indirect approach to assessing prejudice is called the bogus pipeline procedure (Jones & Sigall, 1971). television. a. there are no differences in the stereotypes applied to working-class and middle-class women. Complicating things, Gkn tests from different cultural circles cannot simply be translated as . the majority of the confederates gave a wrong answer (for instance line 2 when the correct answer was line 3) . Psychological defense in anticipation of anxiety: Eliminating the potential for anxiety eliminates the effect of mortality salience on worldview defense. Content and application inaccuracy in social stereotyping. Reggie goes to a private academy and plays on the varsity basketball team. On the other hand, sometimes these beliefs are negative, and they create negative self-fulfilling prophecies such that we perform more poorly just because of our knowledge about the stereotypes. 34, pp. (Ed.). One common measure involves asking participants to take a seat on a chair near a person from a different racial or ethnic group and measuring how far away the person sits (Sechrist & Stangor, 2001; Word, Zanna, & Cooper, 1974). There are two rival pet stores located across the street from each other. Because Black students are aware of the (inaccurate) stereotype that Blacks are intellectually inferior to Whites, this stereotype might create a negative expectation, which might interfere with their performance on intellectual tests through fear of confirming that stereotype. ceremonies Asymmetric search of individuating information about stereotyped group members. In fact, just knowing that stereotype threat exists and may influence performance can help alleviate its negative impact (Johns, Schmader, & Martens, 2005). Define superordinate goals and explain how they help in increasing cooperation when there is conflict among individuals. From Tajfel (1970). Social strategies. If we believe that women are bad drivers and we see a woman driving poorly, then we tend to remember it, but when we see a woman who drives particularly well, we tend to forget it. Just as White people used fewer piles of traits to describe Blacks than Whites, young people used fewer piles of traits to describe elderly people than they did young people, and students used fewer piles for members of other universities than they did for members of their own university. Which of the following statements is true? a. stereotyping. Which of the following was a consequence of the U.S. policy of forcing Japanese families into "relocation centers" during World War II? d. Ireland; urban. This problem has been solved! 3 One confederate gave a correct response. Account. Which statement is an accurate characterization of the concept of race? He has shared this information with his Review the ways that stereotypes influence our behavior. Even Black people themselves respond more quickly to positive words that are associated with White rather than Black faces on the IAT, suggesting that they have subtle racial prejudice toward Blacks. b. stereotyping. b. 2 He made a dispositional attribution. d. had qualities of behavior or temperament that were innate and could not be altered. Steele and Aronson argued that thinking about negative stereotypes that are relevant to a task that one is performing creates stereotype threatperformance decrements that are caused by the knowledge of cultural stereotypes. In this case, categorization into two groupsthe short lines group and the long lines groupproduced a perceptual bias such that the two groups of lines were seen as more different than they really were. In support of this hypothesis, Steele and Aronsons research revealed that Black college students performed worse (in comparison with their prior test scores) on math questions taken from the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) when the test was described to them as being diagnostic of their mathematical ability (and thus when the stereotype was relevant) but that their performance was not influenced when the same questions were framed as an exercise in problem solving. And in another study, Steele and Aronson found that when Black students were asked to indicate their race before they took a math test (again activating the stereotype), they performed more poorly than they had on prior exams, whereas the scores of White students were not affected by first indicating their race. d. a and b, Older women who appear on TV are often depicted: d. both a and b, Magazines targeted at teen girls and young women d. a. Despite the increased participation of women in sports, female athletes continue to be a. b. c. Asian women This is an example of Define stereotypes and describe the ways that stereotypes are measured. See the answer. . (2003). c) Secondary research is quicker than primary research. d) Secondary research is cheaper than primary research. Phelan, J. E., & Rudman, L. A. c. assimilation. Black drivers are more than twice as likely as white drivers to be searched during a vehicle stop (even after controlling for variables such as the reason the car was stopped), but they are found in possession of contraband 26 percent less often than white drivers.
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