Art. The lieutenant governor has seven calendar days after receiving the application to certify or deny it (AS 15.45.300). 3, 17(1)). Art. Verification: The secretary of state shall by rule designate a statistical sampling technique to verify whether a petition contains the required number of signatures (ORS 250.105). If such activity occurs within 30 days of an election, a statement must be filed within 48 hours. 32-1407), Submission deadline of signatures: Four months prior to the general election (Neb. Application process information: Any legal voter of the state may file with the secretary of state a legible copy of the part of such act on which a referendum is desired, an affidavit that the sponsor is a registered voter and a filing fee in an amount to be established by the secretary of state (RCW 29A.72.010). The ballot must include a clear and concise statement as to the effect of a yes or no vote. Art. This is because legislators are more likely to introduce certain reforms and measures if the initiative mechanism exists, because it is likely that if they do not, an initiative on the issue will be launched. The attorney general may determine an act of the legislature is the same as a proposed law and will remove it from appearing on the ballot (W.S.1977 22-24-304; 22-24-319). Timeline for collecting signatures: Not more than 24 months (A.R.S. Paid per signature: Circulators may not receive payment greater than $1 per signature (AS 15.45.340(b)). Art. Cure period for insufficient signatures: If signatures are determined to be insufficient, an additional 10 days is allowed to gather additional signatures (Const. VI). Art. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (RCWA 29A.72.110; 29A.72.120; 29A.72.130; RCWA 29A.84.250), Number of signatures required: Eight % of the votes cast for the office of governor at the last regular gubernatorial election prior to the submission of the signatures for verification (RCWA 29A.72.150), Who can sign the petition: Legal voters (RCWA 29A.72.120), Collected in-person: Yes (RCWA 29A.72.120), Withdrawal process of individual signature: Only accepted before signatures are filed (People v. Hinkle [1924] 130 Wash. 419, 227 P. 861). Art. Const. 250.045). Art. Art. 295.300), Number of signatures required: Ten % of the votes cast in last general election (N.R.S. Art. 5, 1). Art. Colorado: Upon request, any agency in the executive department shall assist in reviewing and preparing comments on the petition. In the early 1900s, the recall, referendum, and initiative provisions Application process information: Submit draft of proposed initiative to legislative council and office of legislative legal services for review and comment. 22-24-401). 168.471; 168.472. This ensures that measures are not passed by a small minority of voters, either because of a low turnout election or ballot-drop off (where voters only vote partway through a ballot). Otherwise the secretary of state in consultation with the attorney general writes a concise summary (NDCC 16.1-06-09). Referendum - Wikipedia Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to the provisions of the Nebraska Political Accountability and Disclosure Act. Cure period for insufficient signatures: None. Geographic distribution:For constitutional amendments, signatures must be gathered from 10% of qualified electors in each of two-fifths (40) of the state's 100 legislative districts (MT CONST Art. 34-1807), Paid per signature: Ban overturned (Idaho Coalition United for Bears v. Cenarrusa, 2001), Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (I.C. 2; Neb. Art. Geographic distribution: The maximum number of signatures counted from any individual congressional district is one-fifth of the total number required (MS Const. II, 1g; O.R.C. art. Vote requirement for passage: Majority (Const. O.R.S. Const. Number of signatures required: 2% of the entire vote cast for governor at the preceding biennial state election (Const. Verification: Not specified: "The Secretary of State shall determine the validity of the petition and issue a written decision stating the reasons for the decision within 30 days from the date of filing of a written petition." 19, 2; Art. Details on who or which offices writes the title and summary are listed below. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (Wyo. The secretary of state consults with the legislative counsel for any technical suggestions, which will be posted to the secretary's website. Proponent organization and requirements: Application must contain the names and addresses of at least five sponsors, certification that each sponsor is a registered voter in Utah and has voted in a regular general election in the last three years, the notarized signature of each sponsor and a copy of the law (Utah Code 20A-7-302). Proponent organization and requirements: Must obtain certificate of review from attorney general and file petition with secretary of state (I.C. 19, 2; N.R.S. Circulator requirements: At least 18 years old,a Utah resident and paid circulators must wear badges (Utah Code 20A-7-303(3)). . 3, 18), Ballot title and summary: Secretary of state and attorney general (21-A M.R.S.A. Rev. They may also submit their own alternative ballot measure to the people if it is different but under the same subject area. The sponsor may file a written notice to withdraw the initiative with the secretary of state. All three have in common the fact that, at some point or other, the people vote on them; and in most cases, the vote of the people is final. Const. What is on each petition: Must contain the full, true copy of the proposed measure on it on the backside or attached to it, and follow prescribed form and language, including a warning (Miss. Another 3% is required to qualify for the ballot if not enacted by the legislature after four months. Sponsor or group who receives contributions or spends over $500 for the passage or defeat of the referendum must file a statement of organization as a ballot question committee. 3, 18), Who can sign the petition: Electors (M.R.S.A. 250.125; 250.067; 250.127, Utah: U.C.A. Types allowed: Direct and indirect initiatives for statutes, and popular referendum, Single subject rule: Yes (U.C.A. 3; Const. 4, ; Const. 250.045; 250.048). Sponsors of advertising must file a report within 24 hours of the time the advertisement is published, mailed or otherwise revealed to the public if the advertisement qualifies as an independent expenditure or has a fair market value or actual cost of $1,000 or more. Art. Number of signatures required: 6% of total votes cast for the office of governor in the last general election (Const. 3517.01, .08, .10, .11, 12, .13, .20, .092, .093, .102, .105; O.H.R. Proponents may withdraw a measure at any time before filing the petition. Art. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (Const. (OH Const. 48, Init., Pt. Art. Application process information: A sample sheet is submitted to the secretary of state before petitions may be circulated. Campaign statements must be filed by the 11th day before the election, the 30th day after the election, April 25 and July 25 every year and October 25 in odd-numbered years. Who can sign the petition: Electors of the state (Const. For three years, measures can only be proposed again by signatures totaling 25%of total votes cast for governor last election, and special rule for competing measures. Ballot title and summary: Lieutenant governor forwards petitions that are qualified for the ballot to the Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel, who drafts an impartial title of not more than 100 words summarizing the contents of the proposal. Who creates petitions: Proponents (A.C.A. The requirement states that a petition must garner valid signatures from six of the state's nine congressional districts that equal 5 % (for a statutory proposal) or 8% (for a constitutional proposal) of the votes cast for governor in that district in the last election. 7-9-104). The filing of a referendum petition against any item, section, or part of any measure shall not prevent the remainder of such measure from becoming operative. See. The filing procedure described in statute does not appear to apply to referendum petitions, every initiative petition for a proposed law or amendment to the state constitution (CRS 1-40-105). Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (O.R.C. III, 8). Fifteen % for amendments (A.R.S. Submission deadline of signatures: For indirect measures, at least 10 days before the regular session that is the session that was 10 months out when the proposed measure was submitted. 14, 9). This committee is responsible for preparing the arguments for the measure and any rebuttal arguments in the information pamphlet (MCS 13-27-402). 2, 3), Who creates petitions: Secretary of state (M.G.L.A. II, 1g). Any contribution of $500 or more in last 13 days to be reported within 24 hours. Which election: The secretary of the commonwealth shall submit such law to the people at the next state election (Const. Withdrawal process of individual signature: A registered elector who signs a petition may withdraw his or her signature from the petition by filing a written request for such withdrawal with the secretary of state at any time on or before the day that the petition is filed with the secretary of state (CRS 1-40-109(3)). Petition title and summary creation: Proponents submit a suggested popular name, to be approved or disapproved by the secretary of state (NMSA 1-17-9). Art. A recall allows people to remove public officials from office, while referendum voting and initiatives allow citizens to propose, approve, or veto specific legislation. 3, 53). Original geographical requirement found unconstitutional. 353, M.G.L.A. Art. Ten states have at least one government official draft or review the petition title and/or summary. Where to file: Secretary of state (21-A MRS 901). Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (NMSA 1-17-5 and -6). Verification: County officials check that each signatory is a registered elector of the county. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to regulations on contributions, deadlines for filing reports, airing electioneering advertisements, statements, political communications, solicitation from certain groups and expenditures (O.R.C. 168.482). Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Reports of expenditures and contributions received are required quarterly in non-election years and monthly, March through November, in election years. 2, 9; Const. 34-1801a), Ballot title and summary: Attorney general (I.C. Statements of contributions and expenditures must be filed on January 10, seven days before political party conventions, seven days before the primary, three days before public hearings, on September 30, and seven days before the general election (Utah Code 20A-11-802). 3, 51), Timeline for taking effect: When approved by a majority of votes (V.A.M.S. Art. Probably the most celebrated initiative to pass in recent years was Proposition 13 in California. 2, 10). Art. Petition title and summary creation: The secretary of state (W.S.1977 22-24-310). Vote requirement for passage: Majority (AS 15.45.220). . Must be 18 or older and a U.S. citizen (M.C.L.A. Initiative Election: Referendum: Recall Election: Right of citizens to propose laws or amendments for approval or rejection by the voters. Collected in-person: Yes; petition includes language verifying that each person has "personally signed" (RCW 29A.72.130). Eighteen months or until April 30 of the year of the next general election, whichever is earlier, for collection, and a deadline of May 1 in the year of the election that the initiative will appear on, or 18 months from the date the petitioner receives the official ballot title from the secretary of state, whichever is earlier. 250.105). Art. Contributions of $1,000 or more must be reported within 48 hours after receipt. In 18 states, the application to circulate a popular referendum petition is filed with the chief election officer. Legislature or other government official review: Proponents may get help drafting from Office of Legislative Council. 2015.5), Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes (Cal.Elec.Code 104, 9022, 9610), Paid per signature: Yes, but signed oath if paid (Cal.Elec.Code 101, 9610), Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (Cal.Elec.Code 18603). 4, 1, Pt. 168.474a; 168.486; 168.477; 168.3, V.A.M.S. Paid per signature: No ban, but must mark this and identify their employer on the affidavit (V.A.M.S. Proponents; a simple statement of the gist of the measure is included on the petition. Must include the names, addresses and signatures of at least 25 electors as sponsors and the full text of the measure (Const. IV, 1(3)). Repeal or change restrictions: Laws approved by the people under the referendum provision of this section may be amended by the legislature at any subsequent session thereof (Const. V, 1(3)). 3, 52). The Legislative Counsel Bureau distributes items to legislators, public libraries, newspapers and broadcasters (N.R.S. Initiative, Referendum and Recall are three powers reserved to the voters to enable them, by petition, to propose or repeal legislation or to remove an elected official from office.. Pursuant to state law (A.R.S. Circulator requirements: Age 18 or older (Elec. See ACA 7-9-126. II, 1b). (21-A M.R.S.A. 34-1804). III, 3 and NRS 32-1407). 3, 52(c)(i)). 4, Pt. Details: Every initiative state requires some form of public notice. Const. S. So as a whole, the free-response section accounts for half your total AP Gov score (the other 50% comes from the multiple-choice section). Const. Must also meet conditional certification (W.S.1977 22-24-304; 22-24-308). In California (Cal.Const. Art. Const. Withdrawal of petition: The sponsor may file a written notice to withdraw the initiative with the secretary of state (V.A.M.S. Art. St. 32-1408. Revised statutes now require that signatures be equally collected among all the petition districts (congressional districts), and this was held to be constitutional (N.R.S. We will meet Mark . Proponents, but certified by state board of elections and reviewed by attorney general. Art. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to a ballot question committee filing campaign statements, filing the 16th day before the election to the 11th day before the election, a postelection campaign statement, fines if failure to file properly, advertising guidelines (M.C.L.A. What is on each petition: The full text of the measure, the affidavit of the circulator, the name of each petition district of the registered voters signing those pages, and each petition must have a 200-word or less description on each signature page of the petition (N.R.S. Washington: Code reviser or assistant code reviser reviews the proposal of the initial petition and recommends revisions or alterations in an advisory capacity only. 168.471 and M.C.L.A. Art. The next regular or general election occurring subsequent to the 125 days after filing signatures. Const. Must obtain a petition entity license before circulating petitions or paying circulators. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (Elec. Attorney general writes title and summary if original is challenged in court. 4 1, Part 1(6B), (6C) and (6D). Amending or diverting funds from a referendum measure requires a three-fourths vote of the members of each house of the legislature, and the amendment must further the purposes of the measure (Const. 5, 2; Constitution 48, Init., Pt. Which is an example of a ballot initiative quizlet 4). Eighteen states require proponents to file application materials with the states secretary of state: Two states require proponents to file application materials with the lieutenant governor: Five states require proponents to file application materials with the attorney general: Four states require filing with another entity: None listed, but must register organization with board of elections. 12, 2), Collected in-person: In the presence of the circulator (M.C.L.A. Timeline for collecting signatures: If the petitions were filed at least 165 days before the election and the signatures are deemed insufficient, they may collect more (O.R.S. Repeal or change restrictions: No act, law or bill approved by a majority of the electors voting thereon shall be amended or repealed by the legislature within a period of two years following such enactment unless by a vote of two-thirds of all the members elected to each house. Majority to pass: Yes (M.C.L.A. Accessible across all of today's devices: phones, tablets, and desktops. Geographic distribution: None (MCL 168.471 requirement that no more than 15% come from a single congressional district was found unconstitutional in AG opinion 7310, May 2019). 116.030). V, 3; 34 Okl.St.Ann. Art. 2. Seventeen states have at least one government official draft or review the petition title and/or summary, while proponents draft this language in nine states. First 10 signatures must be turned in by the first Wednesday of the September before the assembling of the general court . Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited; a petition section is invalid if this happens (CRS 1-40-111(3)(IV)). Verification: The secretary of state has 35 days to verify. Art. Petition title and summary creation: Petition must include a summary of 100 words or less (MCL 168.482). For constitutional amendments, 8 % of the total votes cast for all candidates for governor in the last general election (OR CONST Art. 5, 1). 19, 2). 5, 5; M.G.L.A. Who creates petitions: Secretary of state creates a sample petition and then the petition is reviewed by the attorney general (V.A.M.S. May include a fee (RCWA 29A.72.010; 43.07.120; 29A.72.020; 29A.72.040). What is on each petition: The cover of the petition must contain the name and address of the chief petitioners, the measure summary and a statement as to whether circulators are being paid. (Note: This provision was found unconstitutional in July 2020 by a Superior Court judge and was later affirmed Aug. 31, 2020 by the state supreme court. 7-9-103). Art. A statement of purpose and implication, not to exceed 135 words, and yes-no statements are drafted by petitioners and reviewed and approved by the attorney general. 22-24-401, Laws related to dedications of revenue, appropriations, local or special legislation or laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health or safety. Timeline for taking effect: 10 days after the official declaration of the vote (Const. Const. Const. Ballot title and summary: Lieutenant governor drafts a title which is limited to 25 words and must indicate the general subject area of the act and a "proposition" of not more than 50 words for each section that gives a true and impartial summary of the act being referred (Const. 12, 2; M.C.L.A. Petition title and summary creation: Secretary of state, official committee that filed and approved by attorney general (O.R.C. Const. II, 1g; Art. Collected in-person: Each person must sign "in his own proper handwriting" (NMSA 1-17-1). Art. 3, 52(g) and Wyo. One year for collection and must address written petition to the legislature. Submission deadline for signatures: Not more than 90 days after the end of the session at which the act was passed (Const. Proponent and approved by the attorney general, is the title for both the petition and ballot. Verification: The election commissioner or county clerk compares each signer's information to that of voter registration records to verify that they were registered voters when they signed and verify all other information (Neb. A legislature committee also reviews the measure by a deadline (N.R.S. Art. 14, 11. 116.320). Amend. 3, 9; 2011 N.D. Op.Atty.Gen. Submission deadline for signatures: 90 days after the final adjournment of the session in which it was passed, except when a recess or adjournment shall be taken temporarily for a longer period than 90 days, in which case such petition shall be filed not later than 90 days after such recess or temporary adjournment (Const. Petitions must be filed by 5 p.m. on the 90th day after the applicable legislative session adjourns sine die. 3, 18 and 21-A M.R.S.A. 3. create a unicameral national legislature. General review of petition: The secretary of state reviews and if the office deems it insufficient, the committee of petitioners has 20 days to correct it (NDCC Const. Const. Art. Art. On the graphic below, select either Citizen Initiatives or Popular Referenda at the top of the map. Art. II, 1(d) and RCW 29A.72.030 and .160). Some have been found to be unconstitutional, largely on one person, one vote grounds. Three or more registrars must certify the petitions and follow other rules as per administrative regulations 950 CMR 55 (M.G.L.A. VI). Petitions must be filed 90 days after the final adjournment of the session in which it was passed, except when a recess or adjournment shall be taken temporarily for a longer period than 90 days, in which case such petition shall be filed not later than 90 days after such recess or temporary adjournment. Art. Art. Massachusetts: Proponents may alter the measure in small ways after legislature reviews it. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to statewide ballot question committee must file pre-primary, pre-general, year-end and, if applicable, supplemental report and amendments (SDCL 12-27-22; SDCL 12-27-3).
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